The Struggle for Racial Desegregation - 1230 Words

The Brown v. Board ruling declared segregation in schools as unconstitutional and therefore encouraging integration. Many people thought this as a turning point and the start of a social revolution that will change the way white-Americans perceived African- Americans. However, there was a belief that, although positive, the ruling did not do enough to implement the actual change. One can even argue that the ruling increased white opposition, which slowed the progress of Civil Rights. Overall, however, the positive nature of the ruling outweighed the negatives, with the psychological outcome and legal support from the court being most essential. Even after the adoption of the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865 that provided Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. (Janda p 437), the local and District courts worked tirelessly to weaken those rights by not honoring the Bill of Rights among other things. Racial discrimination continued to occur mostly in southern states and the judiciary being the weakest branch in the Nation, believed â€Å"that there are inherent differences among the races that determine peoples achievement and that ones own race is superior to, and thus has a right to dominate the others. (Janda p 439). According to Jim Crow laws, a black and white person was supposed to liveShow MoreRelated(Final Draft). . Brown V. Board Of Education. . . . . .1660 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluenced American segregation, because unlike other instances of desegregation, it overturned Plessy v. Ferguson, ended school segregation, and progressed the civil rights movement. Overturned Plessy V. Ferguson What caused Brown V. Board of Education What is Plessy V. Ferguson How the Brown decision overturned the Plessy decision Ended school segregation What was school segregation Resulting decision on school segregation Desegregation Began the civil rights movement What was the Civil Rights MovementRead MoreAnalysis Of The Documentary Eyes On The American Civil Rights Movement 783 Words   |  4 PagesEyes on the prize I is a PBS documentary film series that eye lights the American Civil Rights Movement. The documentary series also depicts the struggle to end racial discrimination and segregation and how small acts of courage began the Civil Rights Movement. I was able to watch three one-hour series, Awakening (1954-1956), Fighting Back (1957 – 1962) and Ain’t Scared of your Jails (1960 – 1961). These series are poignant and takes us through the days of segregation and inequality and the grassrootsRead MoreBrown Vs. Board Of Public Schools1605 Words   |  7 Pageswill ever be as meaningful to our democracy as the unanimous declaration of the Supreme Court that racial segregation violates the spirit and the letter of our Constitution. â€Å"On May 17 1954 the court unanimously ruled that separate but equal violated the Equal Protection Clause. Even though undefined the brown vs board of education caused the desegregation of public schools. Led to abolishment of racial segregation in public schools. And lastly sparked a change in the way schools would run desegregatedRead MoreRacism And Discrimination During The Civil War1690 Words   |  7 Pagesstart of racial tensions began. Many things like grandfather clauses, lynching, poll taxes, Jim Crow laws, and organizations, like the Ku Klux Klan, came about and racial stratification was systemically enforced to suppress blacks. By the 1950s, race relations in the United States were getting worst and threatened the image of peacefulness in America. Instead of the believable â€Å"picture perfect† definition that American character was portrayed to be, it was really constructed of major struggles betweenRead MoreA Worn Path: Struggle for Racial Equality1550 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A Worn Path†: Struggle for Racial Equality In â€Å"A Worn Path†, a short story by Eudora Welty, the main character, an old colored woman named Phoenix, slowly but surely makes her way down a â€Å"worn path† through the woods. Throughout her journey, she runs into many obstacles such as a thorny bush and a hunter. She overcomes these obstacles and continues with her travels. She finally reaches her destination, the doctor’s office, where she gets medicine for her sick grandson back home. Many critics haveRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Remember The Titans 1538 Words   |  7 Pagesnothing to be done about it. The 70’s were a very difficult time to be a minority especially for African Americans, which is what led to many problems and struggles not only throughout the school, but specifically within the football team. During this time of hatred and segregation, one football team at T.C. Williams High School goes through the struggle of working together with teammates belonging to a different rac e. Through all of the hardships taken place in the film, the team gradually learns toRead MoreA Worn Path: Struggle For Racial Equality Essay1522 Words   |  7 PagesA Worn Path: Struggle for Racial Equality In A Worn Path, a short story by Eudora Welty, the main character, an old colored woman named Phoenix, slowly but surely makes her way down a worn path through the woods. Throughout her journey, she runs into many obstacles such as a thorny bush and a hunter. She overcomes these obstacles and continues with her travels. She finally reaches her destination, the doctor’s office, where she gets medicine for her sick grandson back home. Many critics haveRead MoreRacial Inequality1108 Words   |  5 Pageshave a history rooted in the struggle for equality and recognition as members of the American society. Over time, since the creation of the Constitution, blacks have continued to search for their role in America and have gained some formal standards for the black race. Although at the framing of the Constitution, blacks were not given the regard as citizens or even whole people, time progressed and gave way to opportunities to acquire legal aid in the crusade for racial equali ty. With the abilityRead MoreSupreme Court Rulings : Three Beneficial Cases1541 Words   |  7 PagesEducation has benefitted and changed the way society looks at racial and social justice by developing educational opportunities for black students and inspiring change across many platforms of people demanding their equal treatment and rights. One of the five schools to send desegregation cases that collectively became known as Brown v. Board of Education was in Prince Edward County, Virginia. The county’s immediate response to the desegregation was described as â€Å"massive resistance†, and public schoolsRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement and World War II1075 Words   |  4 Pagesgoes on steadily, quietly adjusting itself to changing conditions without the concentration camp or the quick –lime in the ditch† (Franklin D. Roosevelt 1941). However the war enhanced the commitment of many white Americans to maintain the existing racial order in the United States. The war also gave birth to the civil right movement. While we were fighting for the freedom of other nations there were still inequality exist in the United States. The World War II didn’t directly push forward the democracy

A Critique of the Behavioural Theories of Learning

A CRITIQUE OF THE BEHAVIOURAL THEORIES OF LEARNING One of the most debated issues in psychology pertains to the nature and meaning of learning. The systematic study of learning is relatively new as it was in the late nineteenth century that studies in this realm began in a scientific manner. Psychologists borrowed techniques from the physical sciences, and conducted experiments to understand how people and animals learn. Psychologists have tried in the past to define and explain how learning takes place. Two of the most important early researchers were Ivan Pavlov and Edward Thorndike. Among later researchers, B. F. Skinner was important for his studies of the relationship between behaviour and consequences. They are also known†¦show more content†¦They found as reported by Myers D.G, that half a second works well. However if the food i.e. the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) appeared before the bell, the conditioned stimulus (CS), then conditioning is not likely to occur. The bell signals the arrival of food. Pavlov calle d this the law of contiguity: The closer the two are in time (with neutral stimulus preceding presentation of UCS), the stronger the conditioning (generally speaking) Extinction. This concept is similar to common sense idea of forgetting. Pavlov found that when he sounded the tone repeatedly without presenting food, the dog’s salivation also decreased. After the conditioning phase, the conditioned response (CR) gets weaker when the conditioned stimulus (CS) or the bell is not accompanied by the UCS (food). It gets weaker not because the organism no longer remembers the UCS-CS connection. It gets weaker because CR is somehow inhibited. Spontaneous recovery. After extinction trials, the dog will start to salivate again in response to CS after only one pairing of UCS and CS. Pavlov called it spontaneous recovery, where the weakened conditioned response reappeared after a rest pause. This according to Pavlov occurred because extinction was suppressing the conditioned response and not eliminating it. (Myers D.G. p 295) Generalization. Generalization is aShow MoreRelatedA Critique of the Behavioural Theories of Learning4640 Words   |  19 PagesA CRITIQUE OF THE BEHAVIOURAL THEORIES OF LEARNING One of the most debated issues in psychology pertains to the nature and meaning of learning. The systematic study of learning is relatively new as it was in the late nineteenth century that studies in this realm began in a scientific manner. Psychologists borrowed techniques from the physical sciences, and conducted experiments to understand how people and animals learn. Psychologists have tried in the past to define and explain how learningRead MoreThe Problem Of White Collar Criminality918 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferential association theory is in some ways flawed as the heart of Sutherland’s (1939) approach is based on the concept of learning amongst people who share the same anti criminal or pro criminal values and attitudes. In white collar crime, the offender is typically well educated and has been brought up in groups with anti-criminal values. ‘Are we dealing with crimes committed for or against organizations?’ (Nelken: 2002: 851) This must mean tha t the process of learning has happened in some otherRead MoreManaging Organisational And Individual Change Essay1681 Words   |  7 Pagespp.14, 15) define learning as â€Å"The process of acquiring knowledge through experience which leads to a change in behaviour†. Being diagnosed with diabetes involves learning, â€Å"Kolb’s learning cycle 1984† activist stage describes individuals that want to dive into the swimming pool and see what happens, I guess I was more forced into this learning stage rather than wanting to be in this stage. One psychological theory I can relate to my experience of change is Piaget’s theory of cognitive developmentRead MoreChild Abuse Is A Serious Concern Of Society1570 Words   |  7 Pagessociety because of the negative effects on later social and psychological functioning. Particularly, the concern of ‘the cycle of violence hypothesis’ which is one of the most influential conceptual models for antisocial behaviour in the social and behavioural science (DeLisi, Kosloski, Vaughn, Caudill, Trulson, 2014; Lansford, Miller-Johnson, Berlin, Dodge, Bates, Pettit, 2007). Numerous studies have documented the association between childhood physical abuse and later aggressive behavior and violenceRead MoreIlm Leadership859 Words   |  4 Pagesperformance (M5.29) 5 6 Assessment criteria (the learner can) 1.1 Review the prevailing leadership styles in the organisation Assess the impact of the prevailing leadership styles on the organisation’s values and performance Level: Credit value: Learning outcomes (the learner will) 1 Understand leadership styles within an organisation 1.2 2 Be able to review effectiveness of own leadership capability and performance in meeting organisational values and goals 2.1 Assess own abilityRead MoreLearning Styles Literary Review1726 Words   |  7 PagesTheories and Principles of Learning (TPPL) Assignment Part A – Literature review analysing theories and principles of learning. Learning Styles A student’s individual learning style is their normal reaction to information or experiences. For example, Keefe (1979) defines learning styles as the composite of characteristic cognitive, affective, and physiological factors that serve as relatively stable indicators of how a learner perceives, interacts with, and responds to the learning environmentRead More The Audio-Lingual Method for Teaching Languages1398 Words   |  6 Pageswell as evaluate its usage compared to other mainstream teaching approaches. However before the method is analysed in itself, two factors must be recognised in order to understand the method. These factors cover the methods functionality and its theory in which it is based on. Firstly the analysis of Language was becoming increasingly prominent and structural linguistics was seen as the best way forward after grammatical analysis had been under heavy scrutiny in western culture due to its inaccuracyRead MoreActive Experimentation And Its Effects On Reality And The Starting Of The Cycle1116 Words   |  5 Pagesthe transformation of realism into reality and the starting of the cycle again. For Rudolph et al, (2006) this is the result of resolving previous behavioural dilemmas. For me, it is a question of incorporating the discovered knowledge in to our frames of reference, to allow the missing link to sink in. Once again, I consider that the degree of learning experience of the learner is important to achieve this. I have not been able to map this last step of Kolb’s cycle with a simulation experience asRead MoreApplications of the Self-Efficacy Theory in Long-term Degenerative Neurological Conditions1266 Words   |  5 PagesUsing a Self-efficacy Based Model to Explore the Applicability of the Self-efficacy Theory in Long-term Degenerative Neurological Conditions: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s disease and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Targeted Journal: Journal of Neurology Critical Reviewsâ„ ¢ in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Introduction: A long-term degenerative neurological condition (LTDNC) is a term used to describe diseases that affect the nervous system leading to its degeneration. ConditionsRead MoreClassroom Behavior Management Pl Guidelines3306 Words   |  14 PagesEEA305- CLASSROOM BEHAVIOUR MANAGEMENT PLAN: 1. Assertive discipline Characteristics and Key points: †¢ This type of teacher believed that he or she has the right to enforce order in their classrooms, so that teaching and learning can occur †¢ The teacher takes on an authoritarian role where most of the instructional activities are teacher lead and directed †¢ A series of classroom rules will be developed so that the students can follow for guidance of what is acceptable and what is not †¢ Although A Critique of the Behavioural Theories of Learning A CRITIQUE OF THE BEHAVIOURAL THEORIES OF LEARNING One of the most debated issues in psychology pertains to the nature and meaning of learning. The systematic study of learning is relatively new as it was in the late nineteenth century that studies in this realm began in a scientific manner. Psychologists borrowed techniques from the physical sciences, and conducted experiments to understand how people and animals learn. Psychologists have tried in the past to define and explain how learning takes place. Two of the most important early researchers were Ivan Pavlov and Edward Thorndike. Among later researchers, B. F. Skinner was important for his studies of the relationship between behaviour and consequences. They are also known as†¦show more content†¦The famous study of Watson (Myers D.G. P 298) on a young boy Albert involved the sounding of a loud noise by a hammer stuck on steel whenever the boy saw a white rat. After seven repetitions of a white rat accompanied by a frightful sound, Albert started crying on just se eing the rat. This fear was generalized as five days later he showed fear to a white rabbit, a dog, and a sealskin coat but not to objects dissimilar to a rat. Limitations Of Classical Conditioning The main criticism raised against classical conditioning is that it does not give importance to inner feelings, thoughts, desires and motives. It is called reductionist as it reduces behaviour to stimulus and response. Another criticism of behaviourism is that it tends to be mechanistic. This means we merely respond to our environment, and have no control over it. It is also disapproved of, as it is alleged to be deterministic (Keegan, G.). This means the approach believes we passively respond to stimuli in our environment. We have little free will, or exercise of control over our environment, or the objects, events, and people within it.Show MoreRelatedA Critique of the Behavioural Theories of Learning4629 Words   |  19 PagesA CRITIQUE OF THE BEHAVIOURAL THEORIES OF LEARNING One of the most debated issues in psychology pertains to the nature and meaning of learning. The systematic study of learning is relatively new as it was in the late nineteenth century that studies in this realm began in a scientific manner. Psychologists borrowed techniques from the physical sciences, and conducted experiments to understand how people and animals learn. Psychologists have tried in the past to define and explain how learningRead MoreThe Problem Of White Collar Criminality918 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferential association theory is in some ways flawed as the heart of Sutherland’s (1939) approach is based on the concept of learning amongst people who share the same anti criminal or pro criminal values and attitudes. In white collar crime, the offender is typically well educated and has been brought up in groups with anti-criminal values. ‘Are we dealing with crimes committed for or against organizations?’ (Nelken: 2002: 851) This must mean tha t the process of learning has happened in some otherRead MoreManaging Organisational And Individual Change Essay1681 Words   |  7 Pagespp.14, 15) define learning as â€Å"The process of acquiring knowledge through experience which leads to a change in behaviour†. Being diagnosed with diabetes involves learning, â€Å"Kolb’s learning cycle 1984† activist stage describes individuals that want to dive into the swimming pool and see what happens, I guess I was more forced into this learning stage rather than wanting to be in this stage. One psychological theory I can relate to my experience of change is Piaget’s theory of cognitive developmentRead MoreChild Abuse Is A Serious Concern Of Society1570 Words   |  7 Pagessociety because of the negative effects on later social and psychological functioning. Particularly, the concern of ‘the cycle of violence hypothesis’ which is one of the most influential conceptual models for antisocial behaviour in the social and behavioural science (DeLisi, Kosloski, Vaughn, Caudill, Trulson, 2014; Lansford, Miller-Johnson, Berlin, Dodge, Bates, Pettit, 2007). Numerous studies have documented the association between childhood physical abuse and later aggressive behavior and violenceRead MoreIlm Leadership859 Words   |  4 Pagesperformance (M5.29) 5 6 Assessment criteria (the learner can) 1.1 Review the prevailing leadership styles in the organisation Assess the impact of the prevailing leadership styles on the organisation’s values and performance Level: Credit value: Learning outcomes (the learner will) 1 Understand leadership styles within an organisation 1.2 2 Be able to review effectiveness of own leadership capability and performance in meeting organisational values and goals 2.1 Assess own abilityRead MoreLearning Styles Literary Review1726 Words   |  7 PagesTheories and Principles of Learning (TPPL) Assignment Part A – Literature review analysing theories and principles of learning. Learning Styles A student’s individual learning style is their normal reaction to information or experiences. For example, Keefe (1979) defines learning styles as the composite of characteristic cognitive, affective, and physiological factors that serve as relatively stable indicators of how a learner perceives, interacts with, and responds to the learning environmentRead More The Audio-Lingual Method for Teaching Languages1398 Words   |  6 Pageswell as evaluate its usage compared to other mainstream teaching approaches. However before the method is analysed in itself, two factors must be recognised in order to understand the method. These factors cover the methods functionality and its theory in which it is based on. Firstly the analysis of Language was becoming increasingly prominent and structural linguistics was seen as the best way forward after grammatical analysis had been under heavy scrutiny in western culture due to its inaccuracyRead MoreActive Experimentation And Its Effects On Reality And The Starting Of The Cycle1116 Words   |  5 Pagesthe transformation of realism into reality and the starting of the cycle again. For Rudolph et al, (2006) this is the result of resolving previous behavioural dilemmas. For me, it is a question of incorporating the discovered knowledge in to our frames of reference, to allow the missing link to sink in. Once again, I consider that the degree of learning experience of the learner is important to achieve this. I have not been able to map this last step of Kolb’s cycle with a simulation experience asRead MoreApplications of the Self-Efficacy Theory in Long-term Degenerative Neurological Conditions1266 Words   |  5 PagesUsing a Self-efficacy Based Model to Explore the Applicability of the Self-efficacy Theory in Long-term Degenerative Neurological Conditions: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s disease and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Targeted Journal: Journal of Neurology Critical Reviewsâ„ ¢ in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Introduction: A long-term degenerative neurological condition (LTDNC) is a term used to describe diseases that affect the nervous system leading to its degeneration. ConditionsRead MoreClassroom Behavior Management Pl Guidelines3306 Words   |  14 PagesEEA305- CLASSROOM BEHAVIOUR MANAGEMENT PLAN: 1. Assertive discipline Characteristics and Key points: †¢ This type of teacher believed that he or she has the right to enforce order in their classrooms, so that teaching and learning can occur †¢ The teacher takes on an authoritarian role where most of the instructional activities are teacher lead and directed †¢ A series of classroom rules will be developed so that the students can follow for guidance of what is acceptable and what is not †¢ Although

A gift called “Wife” Free Essays

Somewhere, I remember, to have read about the Orientals’ concept of an ideal wife: â€Å"A real wife is like a minister for the personal affairs of her husband, a friend in executing his tasks, in affectionate dealings she is like his mother and in his bed she is like a courtesan. Such a wife is auspicious† (Garuda Purana, 1.64. We will write a custom essay sample on A gift called â€Å"Wife† or any similar topic only for you Order Now 6). Is there a word in English that adequately describes – such a paragon of virtues in the form of a beautiful, female, human-being, playing the role of a wife? If there is one, then few women indeed, would qualify to be described thus. Blessed indeed is the man, who is bestowed with such a woman, capable of enriching his entire life, filling it hope, happiness and healthy attitude. Personally, I must say, that I, am one of those lucky husbands who has been graced thus.   My wife is my savior, guide and friend; she is my albatross, averting the turbulent disasters that threaten to drown me in the ocean of my troubles, and guiding me to the shores of safety; very much like the woman praised by the Orientals. Ever since I met her, I have been drawn to her like a magnet. A young, beautiful woman, with a gorgeous body, lovely soft eyes and sensual lips, that make heads turn round instantly. Eligible suitors sought her, as do butterflies circle an attractive flower. Her eyes shone like stars, and her heart was filled with dreams – dreams of making it big, in the Hollywood. She has a sweet demeanor that hides the tensile nature of the resolute strength of her character and, little did I realize this invaluable asset at the time of our marriage. Nevertheless, I felt elated when she reciprocated my love and we walked down the Alter, as man and wife. But, I was to discover that, more than beauty, there were other things that contributed to her attractive personality. The adept professionalism in her single-handed management and smooth execution of our wedding plans to the last detail, unfolded a new aspect of her strength, to me. Our wedding day also revealed to me, the adamant streak in her. I remember, when all was ready and, I was about to enter the premises, she bid me on her mobile-phone, to fetch a particular candle she wanted lit on this special occasion. Unable to refuse the plea in her voice, I turned and started back. I remember, it was a chill, winter day, and a gust of cold wind pierced my face sharply, while searching for her car and groping with the keys. Sweat broke out on my forehead and my breath became heavy, as it was getting late, and I still couldn’t find candle in the place where she had supposed it to be; neither my words of counsel nor the advice of her bridesmaids (which got carried through on the mobile quite clearly), to proceed with the ceremonies without the candle, had little effect on her. It rather made her more stubborn, to have the candle fetched and lit, and she pined that none of us understood the deep significance of her actions. Whew! How I heaved a sigh of relief, when I finally found it. Thankfully, I dabbed away the sweat on my forehead with my handkerchief, and straightened my jacket, now that all was well. Later, I took ill and was down in bed requiring extra attention and care. There she was, by my side, with a soothing smile on her lips and a warm grasp on my wrist, feeling my pulse, monitoring my temperature, administering the drugs advised by the doctor, reassuring me all the time with kind words, that all shall be well. My heart was touched and eyes filled with unshed tears, when she made it to the doctor’s appointment, traveling across half the city – through peak traffic, despite her heavy schedule, to apprise the doctor regarding the status of my health and explore the options of my speedy recovery. The very same adamant streak came to the fore here in albeit in a very agreeable manner; with tenacity she clutched on to hope, never giving up, and adamantly pushed away pessimistic thoughts. Her son depends on this unique trait of hers, to prop him up during the defeating bouts of his mental-illness, and to keep him going. However, we her close kin and kith are not the only recipients of her kindness. She is surely a tower of strength, to many a friend and I personally know of few instances in which she has pulled some friends back from the brink of ruin. Now, am I not right in feeling that I have been graciously granted a rare and â€Å"auspicious† present in the form of a tenacious life-partner? Bibliography Garuda Purana, 1.64.6 –   Tr. J.L. Shastri/A board of scholars, Ancient Indian Tradition and Mythology 12-14, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi 1982. (extracts with notes in [] by JanM, 1997). Retrieved on 24th May, 2006, from website address: http://www.veda.harekrsna.cz/encyclopedia/garuda-purana.htm                      How to cite A gift called â€Å"Wife†, Essay examples

Employee Relations Deal with Globalization

Question: Discuss about the Employee Relations for Deal with Globalization. Answer: Introduction This study will help to find out a proper solution of the problem that is faced by the workers of the organization related to labor violence. The organization, in spite of being a fast growing manufacturing company has no union in its workplace. The working conditions are not favorable for the workers and the wages provided by the management is not enough. Therefore, the workers are organizing against the company. As there is no union in the company, it is required to seek help from union outside of the organization. Problems Labor violation in the organization Issues regarding workplace Issues regarding employee wages Objectives To find out a union that can help the employees to organize against the company To understand the responsibilities of the workers To decide what union should do to deal with the issues Scope of Work In order to deal with the issues related to labor violation in the organization, the workers can seek help from trade union of their respective countries. Trade unions are administrations that epitomize the welfares of the workers who work in the same or similar trades (Flynn et al., 2013). Responsibility of workers The law gives the right to every worker to join a trade union related to his industry. This right applies whether a union is recognized or not. Therefore, the workers of the organization will have to first join trade union related to manufacturing industry. For example, workers of China will have to seek help from All-China Federation of Trade Unions which is also known as ACFTU (Hui, 2014). It is the largest trade union in the world having 135 million members in 1,700,000 trade union organizations. However, the workers will not get help from ACFTU directly. They will have to consult with the National Committee of the Chinese Machinery, Metallurgical and Building Material Workers' Union which serves to protect the workers in manufacturing industry (Hui, 2014). Besides, the workers will also have to elect an employee representative who will represent other members fairly and effectively. However, the election of the employee representative must be done following trade union rules and regulations and agreements. The worker who will be elected as employee representative must have at least a year of work experience in the organization. After the election, the appointment will be confirmed the by the trade union by sending a writing confirmation to the organization. How trade union can help Trade union can help the workers who are facing issues because of poor workplace and lower wages in the following way, Negotiation: In case of problems related to wage and workplace, the best process that trade union can use is negotiation. In this process, members of union including workers of the organization will meet with the managerial body to reach to a common ground of agreement over the issues (Egels-Zandn Merk, 2014). The job of union members acting as negotiators will be to bring the nonaligned feature to the table and help resolve to make it a win-win situation for both the parties. Among several modes of negotiation, the trade union will choose which mode they will follow. For this case, horizontal interface would be preferable where people from either side meet and discuss the issues across the table (Seifert, 2014). In order to reach to a solution related to the problems the negotiating members should uphold the order in the following manner, Reach to an agreement Define the rights Decide the department or persons who has the authority in the subject List the things that must be avoided Steps management can take Once the trade union will show its interest to set up a meeting with the employers of the organization, the management will know that the employees are gathering against some wrong policies of the organization. The first thing the management will do is to realize that employees have joined union because of some disappointment on how management treats employees. They will also have to understand that now employees think that only the union can make the workplace better (Cooney Stuart, 2013). Therefore, the management will have to figure out whether some things are in place or not such as fair policies and practices, open door management policies, modest pay and welfares and workers trust and recognition. Next, the management will have to communicate with the employees to be sure that they understand the position of the organization and desire to remain union free and the reasons behind it (Silvia, 2014). However, the management will have to keep it in mind that no unfair labor practices must be implemented while communicating with the employees. Some things that the organization must not do are, They must not threaten the workers by sacking them or by reducing their pay or benefits. They must not also take any steps against the employees that contain violence both physically and mentally (Dufresne, 2012). The management must not adopt an interrogation mode by asking the non-union workers about the workers who have joined the union. At any cost, the management must not promise lucrative rewards to the employees such as promotion, pay hike or other benefits for not supporting the union. The management must not also spy on the employees as the workers have full rights to meet the union representatives and hear them out without any interference from the management (Dufour-Poirier Lvesque, 2013). Help for overseas workers Once the negotiation process is done and the management has taken positive steps to eliminate issues related to wages and workplace issues, workers of country must inform this to the workers of the other country. For example, if the management of the company located in China is ready to make changes in wages and have promised to improve the workplace, then the workers should inform this to the workers of France. Then the workers of France can also put pressure on the management to bring the changes in their branch also. None of the organizations like to have union in their workplace. If workers of France can negotiate that they will not take help from the local trade union if the company approves their demands then it is obvious that the management will consider that. Global nature of the business influences the organization and bargaining process According to Mckenberger, (2016), globalization is not only affecting organizations but also reducing the bargaining power of the workers. Nowadays, organization can easily threaten to outsource their manufacture to countries where labor wages are comparatively cheaper and the labor market is less delimited. On the hand, pressure is given on the policy makers so that they can design the labor markets in way that can attract investors. Bargaining power of unionized employees who are immobile due to public sector engagement or low skills has also declined extremely. Besides, as a result of globalization, new policies are introduced that lead to a higher dominance of part-time job and fixed term contracts (Larsson, 2012). As a result, the bargaining power unions and workers are further weakened. It is also true that the limited appeal of union membership on a globalized world has facilitated lower unionization rates. A workers decision to become a union member is regarded as decision that trades off the benefits of union membership against its costs. With continuous dues and a regular level of time and energy required to perform activities of a union is forcing the members to leave union or not to sign up for the membership in the first place (Chaison, 2014). No union means management of an organization will not be forced to negotiate with the employees. According to Kreickemeier Meland (2013), increasing globalization has thrown a challenge to any governance institute with a scope limited to the nation-state. This mainly includes institutions of collective bargaining that is mainly shaped by national properties. That is why; it changes drastically across different countries. For example, one company might be giving different wages to the workers of different countries for performing the same task. In one country the wage might be lower than the standard wage. However, it is possible that in the other country the wage is lower but it is right according that countrys labor wage policies (Waddington, 2014). Now, if the workers of the country where the wage is lower that standard wage threatens the organization to increase their wage, then the organization will easily transfer that operational department in the second country where the all over labor wage is low. Therefore, the employees have no chance to negotiate with the employers. Conclusion From the above study, it can be stated that in order to deal the issues related to wages and poor workplace conditions, the employees can seek help from trade union of their respective country. By selecting a representative and with the help of the trade union officials, the workers of the organization can conduct a negotiation process in order to find out a solution for the problem. However, it is also seen that due to globalization, it is not sure whether workers from both the countries will be getting any positive results. It is possible that due to low labor wages in China, workers of the organization will not experience a hike in salary. However, as the labor wage is not low in France, the employees of the same company but in France can enjoy a hike. References Chaison, G. (2014). How the Unions Deal with Globalization. In The Unions Response to Globalization (pp. 19-50). Springer New York. Cooney, R., Stuart, M. (Eds.). (2013). Trade unions and workplace training: Issues and international perspectives. Routledge. Abington. Dufour-Poirier, M., Lvesque, C. (2013). 3 Building North-South Transnational Trade Union Alliances. Transnational Trade Unionism: Building Union Power, 8, 42. Dufresne, A. (2012). Trade union support and political blockage: The actors viewpoint. European Journal of Industrial Relations, 18(2), 107-121. Egels-Zandn, N. Merk, J., (2014). Private regulation and trade union rights: Why codes of conduct have limited impact on trade union rights. Journal of Business Ethics, 123(3), pp.461-473. Flynn, M., Upchurch, M., Muller-Camen, M., Schroder, H. (2013). Trade union responses to ageing workforces in the UK and Germany. human relations, 66(1), 45-64. Chan, C. K. C., Hui, E. S. I. (2014). The dynamics and dilemma of workplace trade union reform in China: the case of Honda workers strike. In Strategies of Multinational Corporations and Social Regulations (pp. 203-217). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Kreickemeier, U., Meland, F. (2013). Non traded Goods, Globalization and Union Influence. Economica, 80(320), 774-792. Larsson, B. (2012). Obstacles to transnational trade union cooperation in Europeresults from a European survey. Industrial Relations Journal, 43(2), 152-170. Mckenberger, U. (2016). Citizenship at work. A guiding principle for social and trade union policy. Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, 22(1), 25-44. Seifert, R. (2014). A living wage rather than a fair wage: trade union politics and the rise of inequality. Radical Statistics, (111), pp. 37-48. Silvia, S. (2014, March). German Trade Unions Wrestle with Reform: The Transformation from the First to the Second Postwar Trade Union Movement. In 21st International Conference of Europeanists. Ces.2014. Waddington, J. (2014). Trade union membership retention in Europe: The challenge of difficult times. European Journal of Industrial Relations, 0959680114538708.